Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?
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13. Intracellular Protein Transport
ER Processing and Transport
Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?
A
Replication of nuclear DNA during S phase of the cell cycle
B
Synthesis and initial processing (folding and modification) of proteins destined for secretion, membranes, or organelles such as lysosomes
C
Breakdown of macromolecules using acid hydrolases within an acidic lumen
D
Synthesis of most cellular ATP through oxidative phosphorylation
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) as an organelle characterized by the presence of ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface, which gives it a 'rough' appearance under the microscope.
Understand that ribosomes attached to the rough ER are the sites of protein synthesis, specifically for proteins that are destined to be secreted from the cell, incorporated into cellular membranes, or sent to certain organelles like lysosomes.
Recognize that after synthesis on the rough ER, these proteins undergo initial processing steps such as folding and post-translational modifications (e.g., glycosylation) within the lumen of the rough ER.
Distinguish the rough ER's function from other cellular processes: DNA replication occurs in the nucleus, breakdown of macromolecules happens in lysosomes, and ATP synthesis occurs in mitochondria.
Conclude that the primary function of the rough ER is the synthesis and initial processing of proteins destined for secretion, membranes, or specific organelles.
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