Textbook Question
What role does EDTA4- play as a trace additive to mayonnaise? Would the glycinate ion (H2NCH2CH2NH2) be an effective substitute for EDTA4-?
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Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Chapter 21, Problem 21.65
What is the oxidation state of the metal in each of the complexes?
a. [Ni(CN)5]3–
b. Ni(CO)4
c. [Co(en)2(H2O)Br]2+
d. [Cu(H2O)2(C2O4)2]2–
e. Co(NH3)3(NO2)3
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the charge of each ligand in the complex. For example, CN^- has a charge of -1, CO is neutral, en (ethylenediamine) is neutral, H2O is neutral, Br^- has a charge of -1, C2O4^2- (oxalate) has a charge of -2, NH3 is neutral, and NO2^- has a charge of -1.
For each complex, set up an equation where the sum of the oxidation state of the metal and the charges of the ligands equals the overall charge of the complex.
Solve the equation for the oxidation state of the metal. For example, in [Ni(CN)5]3-, the equation would be: x + 5(-1) = -3, where x is the oxidation state of Ni.
Repeat the process for each complex: [Ni(CN)5]3-, Ni(CO)4, [Co(en)2(H2O)Br]2+, [Cu(H2O)2(C2O4)2]2-, and Co(NH3)3(NO2)3.
Verify your results by ensuring that the calculated oxidation state and the charges of the ligands add up to the overall charge of the complex.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Oxidation State
The oxidation state, or oxidation number, is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom in a chemical compound. It indicates the number of electrons that an atom can gain, lose, or share when forming chemical bonds. Understanding oxidation states is crucial for determining the charge of metal ions in coordination complexes, which is essential for solving the given question.
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Oxidation Numbers
Coordination Complexes
Coordination complexes consist of a central metal atom or ion bonded to surrounding molecules or ions, known as ligands. The nature of these ligands, whether they are neutral or charged, affects the overall charge of the complex and the oxidation state of the metal. Recognizing the types of ligands and their charges is vital for accurately calculating the oxidation states in the provided complexes.
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Ligand Charge and Coordination Number
The charge of ligands and the coordination number, which is the number of ligand atoms bonded to the central metal, play a significant role in determining the oxidation state of the metal. For example, neutral ligands like CO and NH3 do not contribute to the overall charge, while charged ligands like CN- and NO2- do. Analyzing these factors helps in deducing the oxidation state of the metal in each complex.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following complexes are paramagnetic?
(a) [Mn(CN)6]3-
(b) [Zn(NH3)4]2+ (tetrahedral)
(c) [Fe(CN)6]4-
(d) [FeF6]4-
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Textbook Question
The glycinate anion, gly-= NH2CH2CO2 -, bonds to metal ions through the N atom and one of the O atoms. Using to represent gly-, sketch the structures of the four stereoisomers of Co(gly)3.
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Textbook Question
Draw a crystal field energy-level diagram for the 3d orbitals of titanium in [Ti(H2O)6]3+]. Indicate the crystal field splitting, and explain why is [Ti(H2O)6]3+] colored.
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Textbook Question
Draw the three possible diastereoisomers of the triethylenetetramine complex [Co(trend)Cl2]+. Abbreviate the flexible tetradentate trien ligand H2NCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2 as . Which of the isomers can exist as a pair of enantiomers?
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Textbook Question
Draw all possible diastereoisomers of [Cr(C2O4)2(H2O)2]-. Which can exist as a pair of enantiomers?
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