Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

9. Solutions

Solubility: Temperature Effect

GOB Chemistry

9. Solutions

Solubility: Temperature Effect

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1:01 minutes

Problem 29a

Textbook Question

Explain the following observations:
a. More sugar dissolves in hot tea than in iced tea.

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of solubility: Solubility refers to the maximum amount of a solute (in this case, sugar) that can dissolve in a solvent (tea) at a given temperature. Solubility is influenced by temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.

Recognize the effect of temperature on solubility: For most solid solutes, including sugar, solubility increases as the temperature of the solvent increases. This is because higher temperatures provide more kinetic energy to the solvent molecules, allowing them to interact more effectively with the solute particles and break them apart.

Apply this concept to the given scenario: In hot tea, the higher temperature increases the kinetic energy of the water molecules, which enhances their ability to dissolve more sugar. In contrast, iced tea has a lower temperature, so the water molecules have less kinetic energy, resulting in a lower solubility for sugar.

Relate this to practical observations: When you add sugar to hot tea, it dissolves more readily and in larger amounts because the increased temperature allows the sugar molecules to disperse more easily into the solvent. In iced tea, the lower temperature limits this process, so less sugar can dissolve.

Conclude the explanation: The observation that more sugar dissolves in hot tea than in iced tea is a direct result of the temperature-dependent nature of solubility for solid solutes in liquid solvents.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Solubility

Solubility refers to the ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in a solvent, forming a solution. It is influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent. Generally, higher temperatures increase the solubility of solids in liquids, allowing more sugar to dissolve in hot tea compared to iced tea.

Temperature Effects on Solubility

Temperature plays a crucial role in the solubility of substances. As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of molecules also increases, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions between solute and solvent molecules. This enhanced interaction allows more sugar to dissolve in hot tea than in iced tea, where lower temperatures result in reduced molecular movement.

Saturation Point

The saturation point is the maximum concentration of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature. When a solution reaches this point, no more solute can dissolve, and any additional solute will remain undissolved. In hot tea, the saturation point for sugar is higher than in iced tea, enabling more sugar to dissolve before reaching saturation.

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Related Practice

Multiple Choice

In general, as the temperature increases, the solubility of gas in a given liquid ________________, and the solubility of most solids in a given liquid ________________.

a. Increases, increases

b. increases, decreases

c. decreases, increases

d. decreases, decreases

Textbook Question

A solution is prepared by dissolving 12.5 g of KBr in 20 mL of water at 60 °C (see Figure 9.3). Is this solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated? What will happen if the solution is cooled to 10 °C?

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Textbook Question

State whether each of the following refers to a saturated or an unsaturated solution:

c. A uric acid concentration of 4.6 mg/100 mL in the kidney does not cause gout.

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Textbook Question

State whether each of the following refers to a saturated or an unsaturated solution:

a. A crystal added to a solution does not change in size.

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Textbook Question

Use the following graph for problems 1.55 and 1.56:

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d. Does the solubility of carbon dioxide increase or decrease with an increase in temperature?

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Textbook Question

If all the solute is dissolved in diagram 1, how would heating or cooling the solution cause each of the following changes?

a. 2 to 3

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Textbook Question

Potassium nitrate has a solubility of 32 g of KNO₃ in 100. g of H₂O at 20 °C. Determine if each of the following forms an unsaturated or saturated solution at 20 °C:

a. adding 32 g of KNO₃ to 200. g of H₂O

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Multiple Choice

In general, as the temperature increases, the solubility of gas in a given liquid ________________, and the solubility of most solids in a given liquid ________________.

a. Increases, increases

b. increases, decreases

c. decreases, increases

d. decreases, decreases

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