Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

9. Solutions

Solubility: Temperature Effect

GOB Chemistry

9. Solutions

Solubility: Temperature Effect

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1:18 minutes

Problem 55d

Textbook Question

Use the following graph for problems 1.55 and 1.56:
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d. Does the solubility of carbon dioxide increase or decrease with an increase in temperature?

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the graph provided. The graph shows the solubility of O₂ (g) in H₂O (l) as a function of temperature. The solubility decreases as the temperature increases, indicated by the downward slope of the curve.

Step 2: Understand the relationship between temperature and gas solubility. For gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂) and oxygen (O₂), solubility in liquids typically decreases with an increase in temperature. This is because higher temperatures provide more kinetic energy to gas molecules, making them less likely to remain dissolved in the liquid.

Step 3: Apply this concept to carbon dioxide. Although the graph specifically shows oxygen, the behavior of carbon dioxide is similar because both are gases. As temperature increases, the solubility of carbon dioxide in water also decreases.

Step 4: Relate this observation to real-world phenomena. For example, warmer water bodies tend to hold less dissolved carbon dioxide and oxygen, which can impact aquatic ecosystems.

Step 5: Conclude that the solubility of carbon dioxide decreases with an increase in temperature, based on the general behavior of gases and the trend shown in the graph for oxygen.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Solubility of Gases

Solubility refers to the ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in a solvent. For gases, solubility is influenced by temperature, pressure, and the nature of the gas and solvent. Generally, the solubility of gases in liquids decreases as temperature increases, which is critical for understanding gas behavior in aquatic environments.

Henry's Law

Henry's Law states that the amount of gas that dissolves in a liquid at a given temperature is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid. This principle helps explain how changes in temperature and pressure affect gas solubility, particularly in scenarios involving carbon dioxide and oxygen in water.

Temperature Effects on Solubility

Temperature significantly impacts the solubility of substances. For gases, increasing temperature typically leads to decreased solubility due to increased kinetic energy, which allows gas molecules to escape from the liquid phase. This concept is essential for predicting how temperature changes can affect aquatic ecosystems and gas exchange processes.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

A solution is prepared by dissolving 12.5 g of KBr in 20 mL of water at 60 °C (see Figure 9.3). Is this solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated? What will happen if the solution is cooled to 10 °C?

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Textbook Question

State whether each of the following refers to a saturated or an unsaturated solution:

c. A uric acid concentration of 4.6 mg/100 mL in the kidney does not cause gout.

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Textbook Question

State whether each of the following refers to a saturated or an unsaturated solution:

a. A crystal added to a solution does not change in size.

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Textbook Question

Explain the following observations:

a. More sugar dissolves in hot tea than in iced tea.

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Textbook Question

If all the solute is dissolved in diagram 1, how would heating or cooling the solution cause each of the following changes?

a. 2 to 3

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Textbook Question

Potassium nitrate has a solubility of 32 g of KNO₃ in 100. g of H₂O at 20 °C. Determine if each of the following forms an unsaturated or saturated solution at 20 °C:

a. adding 32 g of KNO₃ to 200. g of H₂O

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Multiple Choice

In general, as the temperature increases, the solubility of gas in a given liquid ________________, and the solubility of most solids in a given liquid ________________.

a. Increases, increases

b. increases, decreases

c. decreases, increases

d. decreases, decreases

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