Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

18. Amino Acids and Proteins

Peptides

GOB Chemistry

18. Amino Acids and Proteins

Peptides

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5:29 minutes

Problem 13a

Textbook Question

Write the products for the following condensation or hydrolysis reactions:
a.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the type of reaction (condensation or hydrolysis) based on the problem statement. Condensation reactions typically involve the combination of two molecules with the loss of a small molecule like water, while hydrolysis reactions involve the breaking of a bond in a molecule using water.

Step 2: Analyze the reactants provided in the image. Look for functional groups such as esters, amides, or other groups that are commonly involved in condensation or hydrolysis reactions.

Step 3: For a condensation reaction, determine which functional groups will combine and identify the small molecule (e.g., H₂O) that will be lost during the reaction. Write the chemical equation showing the formation of the product(s). Use MathML to represent the chemical structures and equations accurately.

Step 4: For a hydrolysis reaction, identify the bond that will be broken (e.g., ester or amide bond) and determine the products formed when water is added. Write the chemical equation showing the reactants and products, using MathML for clarity.

Step 5: Double-check the chemical structures and ensure that the products are balanced in terms of atoms and charges. Verify that the reaction follows the principles of conservation of mass and charge.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Condensation Reaction

A condensation reaction is a chemical process where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule, accompanied by the loss of a small molecule, often water. This type of reaction is fundamental in organic chemistry, particularly in the formation of polymers and complex molecules like carbohydrates and proteins.

Hydrolysis Reaction

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction that involves the breaking down of a compound by the addition of water. In this process, a larger molecule is split into smaller units, which can be crucial for the digestion of food and the breakdown of polymers into monomers, such as in the conversion of starch into glucose.

Reaction Products

Reaction products are the substances that result from a chemical reaction. Understanding the products of condensation and hydrolysis reactions is essential for predicting the outcomes of these processes, as they determine the structure and function of the resulting molecules in biological and chemical systems.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the following peptides, and give its three-letter and one-letter abbreviations:

b. threonylleucine

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Textbook Question

Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the following peptides, and give its three-letter and one-letter abbreviations:

d. histidylglycylglutamylisoleucine

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Textbook Question

Peptides isolated from rapeseed that may lower blood pressure have the following sequence of amino acids. Draw the structure for each peptide and write the one-letter abbreviations.

a. Arg–Ile–Tyr

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Textbook Question

Peptides from sweet potato with antioxidant properties have the following sequence of amino acids. Draw the structure for each peptide and write the one-letter abbreviations.

b. Asn–Tyr–Asp–Glu–Tyr

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Textbook Question

Consider the following tripeptide:

a. Circle the N-terminal amino acid, and give its name. Draw a square around the C-terminal amino acid, and give its name.

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Textbook Question

Consider the amino acids glycine, proline, and lysine.

b. Using three-letter abbreviations for the amino acids, give the sequence for each of the possible tripeptides.

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