Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

18. Amino Acids and Proteins

Peptides

GOB Chemistry

18. Amino Acids and Proteins

Peptides

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1:49 minutes

Problem 14b

Textbook Question

Peptides from sweet potato with antioxidant properties have the following sequence of amino acids. Draw the structure for each peptide and write the one-letter abbreviations.
b. Asn–Tyr–Asp–Glu–Tyr

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the problem. The task involves two parts: (a) drawing the structure of the peptide sequence and (b) writing the one-letter abbreviations for the amino acids in the sequence. The peptide sequence provided is Asn–Tyr–Asp–Glu–Tyr.

Step 2: Recall the structure of each amino acid. Each amino acid has a central carbon (α-carbon) bonded to an amino group (-NH₂), a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydrogen atom, and a unique side chain (R group). For the given sequence: Asn (Asparagine), Tyr (Tyrosine), Asp (Aspartic acid), Glu (Glutamic acid), and Tyr (Tyrosine), identify the side chains for each amino acid.

Step 3: Draw the peptide bond formation. Peptide bonds are formed by a condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of the next. Connect the amino acids in the sequence Asn–Tyr–Asp–Glu–Tyr by forming peptide bonds, ensuring the N-terminus (amino group) is on the left and the C-terminus (carboxyl group) is on the right.

Step 4: Write the one-letter abbreviations for the sequence. Each amino acid has a standard one-letter code: Asn = N, Tyr = Y, Asp = D, Glu = E, and Tyr = Y. Combine these to write the sequence in one-letter format.

Step 5: Verify the structure and sequence. Double-check the peptide structure to ensure all peptide bonds are correctly formed and the sequence matches the given order. Confirm the one-letter abbreviation sequence is accurate as NYDEY.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Peptide Structure

Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The structure of a peptide is determined by the sequence of its amino acids, which influences its shape and function. Understanding how to draw peptide structures involves knowing the backbone and side chain orientations of the amino acids.

Amino Acid Abbreviations

Amino acids are represented by one-letter abbreviations, which are standardized for ease of communication in biochemistry. For example, Asparagine is represented as 'N', Tyrosine as 'Y', Aspartic acid as 'D', and Glutamic acid as 'E'. Familiarity with these abbreviations is essential for accurately conveying peptide sequences.

Antioxidant Properties of Peptides

Certain peptides possess antioxidant properties, which means they can neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress in biological systems. This property is often linked to specific amino acid sequences and their ability to interact with reactive species. Understanding the relationship between peptide structure and antioxidant activity is crucial for evaluating their potential health benefits.

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Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the following peptides, and give its three-letter and one-letter abbreviations:

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Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the following peptides, and give its three-letter and one-letter abbreviations:

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Peptides isolated from rapeseed that may lower blood pressure have the following sequence of amino acids. Draw the structure for each peptide and write the one-letter abbreviations.

a. Arg–Ile–Tyr

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Textbook Question

Write the products for the following condensation or hydrolysis reactions:

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Textbook Question

Consider the following tripeptide:

a. Circle the N-terminal amino acid, and give its name. Draw a square around the C-terminal amino acid, and give its name.

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