Textbook Question
Match the following physical and chemical properties with octane, C8H18 found in gasoline, or magnesium sulfate, MgSO4 also called Epsom salts:
d. is a liquid at room temperature
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8. Gases, Liquids and Solids
Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties
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Which molecules would most likely cause a liquid to have the lowest viscosity?
A
Large, polar molecules
B
Small, nonpolar molecules
C
Small, polar molecules
D
Large, nonpolar molecules
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that viscosity is a measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. High viscosity means the liquid flows slowly, while low viscosity means it flows easily.
Consider the size of the molecules: Larger molecules tend to have higher viscosities because they can become entangled and create more resistance to flow.
Consider the polarity of the molecules: Polar molecules can form strong intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonds or dipole-dipole interactions, which can increase viscosity.
Small, nonpolar molecules are less likely to form strong intermolecular forces and are less likely to become entangled, leading to lower viscosity.
Conclude that small, nonpolar molecules would most likely cause a liquid to have the lowest viscosity due to their minimal intermolecular interactions and reduced entanglement.
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