Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Naming Carboxylic Acids

GOB Chemistry

16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Naming Carboxylic Acids

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Multiple Choice

Provide a common name for following molecule.

2,5-hydroxybutyric acid

α,β-dihydroxypentanoic acid

2,5-dihydroxybutyric acid

α,δ-dihydroxyvaleric acid

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Verified step by step guidance

Identify the longest carbon chain in the molecule. In this case, the longest chain contains five carbon atoms, which corresponds to a pentanoic acid.

Locate the carboxylic acid group (COOH) at the end of the chain, which confirms the molecule is a carboxylic acid.

Identify the positions of the hydroxyl (OH) groups on the carbon chain. In this structure, there are hydroxyl groups on the second and fifth carbon atoms.

Use the Greek letters α (alpha) and β (beta) to denote the positions of the hydroxyl groups relative to the carboxylic acid group. The α position is the carbon directly adjacent to the carboxylic acid, and the β position is the next carbon.

Combine the information to name the molecule. Since there are hydroxyl groups at the α and β positions on a pentanoic acid, the common name for this molecule is α,β-dihydroxyvaleric acid.