Textbook Question
Predict the products of the following acid–base reactions.
(h)
1762
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Ch. 2 - Acids and Bases; Functional Groups
Wade9th EditionOrganic ChemistryISBN: 9780135213728
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Structure and Bonding107
- Ch. 2 - Acids and Bases; Functional Groups115
- Ch.3 - Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes100
- Ch.4 - The Study of Chemical Reactions99
- Ch.5 - Stereochemistry93
- Ch.6 - Alkyl Halides; Nucleophilic Substitution118
- Ch. 7 - Structure and Synthesis of Alkenes; Elimination158
- Ch.8 - Reactions of Alkenes171
- Ch.9 - Alkynes91
- Ch.10 - Structure and Synthesis of Alcohols143
- Ch.11 - Reactions of Alcohols104
- Ch. 12 - Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry22
- Ch. 13 - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy45
- Ch. 14 - Ethers, Epoxides, and Thioethers72
- Ch. 15 - Conjugated Systems, Orbital Symmetry, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy89
- Ch. 16 - Aromatic Compounds74
- Ch. 17 - Reactions of Aromatic Compounds126
- Ch. 18 - Ketones and Aldehydes193
- Ch. 19 - Amines129
- Ch. 20 - Carboxylic Acids77
- Ch. 21 - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives141
- Ch. 22 - Condensations and Alpha Substitutions of Carbonyl Compounds175
- Ch. 23 - Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids93
- Ch. 24 - Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins54
Chapter 2, Problem 42g
Predict the products of the following acid–base reactions.
(g) HCOOH + CH3O– ⇌
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the acid and the base in the reaction. In this case, HCOOH (formic acid) is the acid, and CH3O- (methoxide ion) is the base.
Determine the conjugate base of the acid. The conjugate base of HCOOH is HCOO- (formate ion), which is formed by the loss of a proton (H+).
Determine the conjugate acid of the base. The conjugate acid of CH3O- is CH3OH (methanol), which is formed by the gain of a proton (H+).
Write the products of the reaction using the conjugate acid and base identified. The products are HCOO- and CH3OH.
Verify the reaction by checking the direction of equilibrium. Since methanol is a weaker acid than formic acid, the equilibrium will favor the formation of the weaker acid and base, confirming the products as HCOO- and CH3OH.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Acid-Base Reactions
Acid-base reactions involve the transfer of protons (H+) between reactants. In this context, HCOOH (formic acid) acts as an acid, donating a proton, while CH3O- (methoxide ion) acts as a base, accepting a proton. Understanding the roles of acids and bases is crucial for predicting the products of such reactions.
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The Lewis definition of acids and bases.
Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
In an acid-base reaction, the acid and base transform into their respective conjugate base and conjugate acid. For HCOOH, the conjugate base is HCOO- (formate ion), and for CH3O-, the conjugate acid is CH3OH (methanol). Recognizing these pairs helps in identifying the products formed after the proton transfer.
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Equilibrium in Acid-Base Reactions
Acid-base reactions often reach an equilibrium state, where the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate. The position of equilibrium depends on the relative strengths of the acids and bases involved. In this reaction, the equilibrium will favor the side with the weaker acid and base, which can be determined by comparing pKa values.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Predict the products of the following acid–base reactions.
(f)
1592
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Textbook Question
Consider the following proposed Brønsted–Lowry acid–base reactions. In each case, draw the products of a transfer of the most acidic proton on the acid to the most basic site on the base. Use Appendix 4 to find or estimate the pKa values for the acids and the pKb values for the bases. Then determine which side of the reaction is favored, either reactants or products.
(a)
(b)
2188
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Textbook Question
Predict the products of the following acid–base reactions.
(e) H2O + NH3 ⇌
2291
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1
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Textbook Question
Predict the products of the following acid–base reactions.
(c)
(d)
1552
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Textbook Question
Predict the products of the following acid–base reactions.
(g) HCOOH + CH3O– ⇌
(h) +NH3CH2COOH + 2 –OH ⇌
1232
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