Textbook Question
Write structural formulas for the following compounds.
(d) divinyl ether
(e) allyl methyl ether
(f) cyclohexene oxide
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Ch. 14 - Ethers, Epoxides, and Thioethers
Wade9th EditionOrganic ChemistryISBN: 9780135213728
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Structure and Bonding107
- Ch. 2 - Acids and Bases; Functional Groups115
- Ch.3 - Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes100
- Ch.4 - The Study of Chemical Reactions99
- Ch.5 - Stereochemistry93
- Ch.6 - Alkyl Halides; Nucleophilic Substitution118
- Ch. 7 - Structure and Synthesis of Alkenes; Elimination158
- Ch.8 - Reactions of Alkenes171
- Ch.9 - Alkynes91
- Ch.10 - Structure and Synthesis of Alcohols143
- Ch.11 - Reactions of Alcohols104
- Ch. 12 - Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry22
- Ch. 13 - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy45
- Ch. 14 - Ethers, Epoxides, and Thioethers72
- Ch. 15 - Conjugated Systems, Orbital Symmetry, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy89
- Ch. 16 - Aromatic Compounds74
- Ch. 17 - Reactions of Aromatic Compounds126
- Ch. 18 - Ketones and Aldehydes193
- Ch. 19 - Amines129
- Ch. 20 - Carboxylic Acids77
- Ch. 21 - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives141
- Ch. 22 - Condensations and Alpha Substitutions of Carbonyl Compounds175
- Ch. 23 - Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids93
- Ch. 24 - Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins54
Chapter 14, Problem 30a-d
Give common names for the following compounds.
(a) (CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)CH2CH3
(b) (CH3)3COCH2CH(CH3)2
(c) PhOCH2CH3
(d) ClCH2OCH2CH2CH3
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Identify the functional group in each compound. For all the given compounds, the functional group is an ether (R-O-R), where an oxygen atom is bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups.
Step 2: For each compound, determine the names of the alkyl or aryl groups attached to the oxygen atom. Use the common naming convention for ethers, which involves naming the two groups on either side of the oxygen atom in alphabetical order, followed by the word 'ether'.
Step 3: For compound (a) ((CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)CH2CH3), identify the two groups attached to the oxygen atom. The left side is an isopropyl group ((CH3)2CH-), and the right side is a sec-butyl group (CH(CH3)CH2CH3). Combine these names alphabetically to form the common name.
Step 4: For compound (b) ((CH3)3COCH2CH(CH3)2), identify the two groups attached to the oxygen atom. The left side is a tert-butyl group ((CH3)3C-), and the right side is an isopropyl group ((CH3)2CH-). Combine these names alphabetically to form the common name.
Step 5: Repeat the process for compounds (c) (PhOCH2CH3) and (d) (ClCH2OCH2CH2CH3). For (c), the left side is a phenyl group (Ph-), and the right side is an ethyl group (CH2CH3). For (d), the left side is a chloromethyl group (ClCH2-), and the right side is a propyl group (CH2CH2CH3). Combine these names alphabetically to form the common names.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Common Nomenclature in Organic Chemistry
Common nomenclature refers to the system of naming organic compounds using widely accepted names rather than systematic IUPAC names. This includes names that are derived from the structure and functional groups present in the molecule, making it easier for chemists to communicate about compounds without needing to refer to complex formulas.
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Introducing common solvents and other molecules in organic chemistry.
Functional Groups
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Identifying functional groups, such as alcohols, ethers, or halides, is crucial for determining the common names of compounds, as they often dictate the naming conventions used.
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Isomerism
Isomerism is the phenomenon where compounds with the same molecular formula can have different structures or arrangements of atoms, leading to different properties and names. Understanding isomerism is essential for correctly identifying and naming compounds, as structural variations can significantly affect the common names assigned to them.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Give the expected products of the following reactions. Include a protonation step where necessary.
(a) 2,2-dimethyloxirane + isopropylmagnesium bromide
(b) propylene oxide + n-butyllithium
(c) cyclopentyloxirane + ethyllithium
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Textbook Question
Give IUPAC names for the following compounds.
(g)
(h)
(i)
970
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Textbook Question
Give common names for the following compounds.
(g)
937
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Textbook Question
Give common names for the following compounds.
(e)
(f)
1125
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Textbook Question
Write structural formulas for the following compounds.
(g) cis-2,3-epoxyhexane
(h) (2R,3S)-2-methoxypentan-3-ol
(i) trans-2,3-dimethyloxirane
1480
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