Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

16. The Endocrine System

Membrane Bound Receptors and Secondary Messengers

Anatomy & Physiology

16. The Endocrine System

Membrane Bound Receptors and Secondary Messengers

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Multiple Choice

What is the second messenger in the receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathway?

cAMP

IP3

Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)

Calcium ions

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in cell signaling. RTKs are a class of cell surface receptors that, upon binding with a ligand, activate their intrinsic kinase activity, leading to the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the receptor itself and on downstream signaling proteins.

Recognize that the activation of RTKs often leads to the recruitment and activation of various intracellular signaling molecules, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K).

Learn that PI3K, once activated, phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), which acts as a second messenger in the signaling pathway.

Understand that PIP3 serves as a docking site for proteins with pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, such as Akt (also known as protein kinase B), which are recruited to the membrane and activated, propagating the signal further.

Recognize that while other molecules like cAMP, IP3, and calcium ions can act as second messengers in different signaling pathways, PIP3 is specifically the second messenger in the receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathway involving PI3K activation.