Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration

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2:18 minutes

Problem 5

Textbook Question

Which of the following is the most immediate source of energy for making most of the ATP in your cells?a. the transfer of from intermediate substrates to ADPb. the movement of H+ across a membrane down its concentration gradientc. the splitting of glucose into two molecules of pyruvated. electrons moving through the electron transport chain

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the process in cellular respiration where ATP is primarily produced.

Recall that ATP is mainly produced during oxidative phosphorylation.

Understand that oxidative phosphorylation involves the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.

Recognize that the movement of H+ ions across the mitochondrial membrane creates a proton gradient.

Conclude that the movement of H+ ions down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase is the immediate source of energy for ATP synthesis.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

ATP Synthesis

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells. Its synthesis occurs mainly through oxidative phosphorylation, where energy from electrons is used to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP. Understanding the mechanisms of ATP production is crucial for answering questions about cellular energy sources.

Proton Gradient

The movement of H+ ions (protons) across a membrane creates a proton gradient, which is essential for ATP synthesis. This gradient drives ATP synthase, an enzyme that produces ATP as protons flow back into the mitochondrial matrix. Recognizing the role of the proton gradient is key to understanding how energy is harnessed in cellular respiration.

Electron Transport Chain

The electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of protein complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfer electrons derived from nutrients. As electrons move through the ETC, they release energy used to pump protons across the membrane, contributing to the proton gradient necessary for ATP production. Familiarity with the ETC is vital for comprehending cellular energy dynamics.