2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter

Textbook Question
In what way does the need for iodine or iron in your diet differ from your need for calcium or phosphorus?
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Textbook Question
DRAW IT Draw Lewis dot structures for each hypothetical molecule shown below, using the correct number of valence electrons for each atom. Determine which molecule makes sense because each atom has a complete valence shell and each bond has the correct number of electrons. Explain what makes the other molecule nonsensical, considering the number of bonds each type of atom can make. b.
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Textbook Question
DRAW IT Draw Lewis dot structures for each hypothetical molecule shown below, using the correct number of valence electrons for each atom. Determine which molecule makes sense because each atom has a complete valence shell and each bond has the correct number of electrons. Explain what makes the other molecule nonsensical, considering the number of bonds each type of atom can make. a.
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Textbook Question
Use carbon-12, the most common isotope of carbon, to define these terms: atomic number, mass number, valence. Which of these numbers is most related to the chemical behavior of an atom? Explain.
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Textbook Question
Look back at the abbreviated periodic table of the elements in Figure 2.5B. If two elements are in the same row, what do they have in common? If two elements are in the same column, what do they have in common? Would you predict that elements in the same row or the same column will have similar chemical properties? Explain.
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Textbook Question
Which of the following statements correctly describes a solution?
a. In a solution the solute is chemically dissolved by the solvent.
b. Solutions involve large particles suspended in another component.
c. The particles in a solution will settle out if left to sit.
d. The amount of solute in a solution is expressed as the solution's concentration.
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
The mass number of an atom is the sum of its neutrons and protons.
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Textbook Question
Match the following terms with the correct definition:
      Endergonic reaction
      Potential energy
      Electrical energy
      Anabolic reaction
      Oxidation-reduction reaction
      Chemical energy
      Catabolic reaction
      Kinetic energy
a. Energy in motion
b. Energy stored in chemical bonds
c. Reaction that consumes energy
d. A decomposition reaction
e. The energy of moving charged particles
f. Stored energy
g. Synthesis reaction
h. Reaction where electrons are transferred between reactants
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
Protons and neutrons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge.
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
Every element has a characteristic number of protons, which is called the element's mass number.
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Textbook Question
All of the following are examples of the four major elements contributing to body mass except:
a. Hydrogen
b. Carbon
c. Nitrogen
d. Sodium
e. Oxygen
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Textbook Question
All of the following are examples of the four major elements contributing to body mass except:
a. Hydrogen
b. Carbon
c. Nitrogen
d. Sodium
e. Oxygen
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Textbook Question
All of the following are examples of the four major elements contributing to body mass except:
a. Hydrogen
b. Carbon
c. Nitrogen
d. Sodium
e. Oxygen
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Textbook Question
Provide the atomic symbol for each of the following elements:
a. Calcium
b. Carbon
c. Hydrogen
d. Iron
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