2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Every element has a characteristic number of protons, which is called the element's mass number.

All of the following are examples of the four major elements contributing to body mass except:

a. Hydrogen

b. Carbon

c. Nitrogen

d. Sodium

e. Oxygen

All of the following are examples of the four major elements contributing to body mass except:

a. Hydrogen

b. Carbon

c. Nitrogen

d. Sodium

e. Oxygen

All of the following are examples of the four major elements contributing to body mass except:

a. Hydrogen

b. Carbon

c. Nitrogen

d. Sodium

e. Oxygen

Provide the atomic symbol for each of the following elements:

a. Calcium

b. Carbon

c. Hydrogen

d. Iron

Provide the atomic symbol for each of the following elements:

e. Nitrogen

f. Oxygen

g. Potassium

h. Sodium

Consider the following information about three atoms: 12/6 C 13/6 C 14/6 C

How are they similar to one another?

How do they differ from one another?

What are the members of such a group of atoms called?

Using the planetary model, draw the atomic configuration of 12/6 C, showing the relative position and numbers of its subatomic particles

Important functions of water include which of the following?

a. Provides cushioning

b. Acts as a transport medium

c. Participates in chemical reactions

d. Acts as a solvent for sugars, salts, and other solutes

e. Reduces temperature fluctuations

Which of the following is (are) true concerning the atomic nucleus?

a. It contains the mass of the atom.

b. The negatively charged subatomic particles are here.

c. Subatomic particles can be ejected.

d. It contains subatomic particles that determine atomic number.

e. It contains subatomic particles that interact with other atoms.

Pick out the correct match(es) of element and number of valence electrons. Draw a planetary model of each atom to help you choose the best answer.

a. Oxygen—6

b. Chlorine—8

c. Phosphorus—5

d. Nitrogen—3

e. Carbon—4

Define radioactivity. If an element has three isotopes, which of them (the lightest, the one with an intermediate mass, or the heaviest) is most likely to be a radioisotope, and why?

Define molecule as it relates to molecular substances and compounds.

A substance containing atoms of different elements that are bonded together is called a(n)

(a) Molecule

(b) Compound

(c) Mixture

(d) Isotope

(e) Solution

An oxygen atom has eight protons.

(b) How many more electrons will it take to fill the outermost energy level?

An oxygen atom has eight protons.

(a) Sketch in the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of the oxygen atom in the following diagram.