14. The Autonomic Nervous System

The white rami communicantes contain what kind of fibers?

a. Preganglionic parasympathetic

b. Postganglionic parasympathetic

c. Preganglionic sympathetic

d. Postganglionic sympathetic

Where are the cell bodies of visceral sensory neurons?

Mark each of the following as an effect of the sympathetic nervous system or the parasympathetic nervous system.

a. ________ Bronchodilation

b.________ Bronchoconstriction

c. ________ Constriction of pupil

d. ________ Vasoconstriction of blood vessels serving organs of digestive, urinary, and integumentary systems

e. ________ Increased metabolic rate

f. ________ Dilation of pupil

g.________ Contraction of smooth muscle of digestive tract

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

a. The parasympathetic nervous system generally decreases the secretion from digestive glands.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. The parasympathetic nervous system releases acetylcholine onto all its synapses.

________ receptors are located on parasympathetic postganglionic neurons, and________ receptors are located on parasympathetic target cells.

Parasympathetic ganglia are typically:

a. Located along the spinal cord

b. Located near their target cells

c. Located within the central nervous system

d. Parasympathetic neurons do not synapse in ganglia

Using 20 or fewer words, define each of the following terms in your own words.

b. Parasympathetic nervous system

Describe all the changes initiated by the parasympathetic nervous system that will take place when you finish the race. How will these changes maintain homeostasis?

Which cranial nerves would be affected by a drug that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system? Predict potential adverse effects that one might experience.

A patient, Dr. Young, has both asthma and high blood pressure. Her physician prescribed the drug propranolol to treat her hypertension; this drug blocks all types of β-adrenergic receptors. She also takes the drug albuterol for asthma, which activates β₂ receptors on bronchial smooth muscle. Will the pairing of these two drugs cause problems for Dr. Young? Explain.