Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

1. Introduction to Biochemistry

Carbohydrates

Biochemistry

1. Introduction to Biochemistry

Carbohydrates

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the primary structural difference between cellulose and starch?

Cellulose is composed of β(1→4) glycosidic bonds, while starch is composed mainly of α(1→4) glycosidic bonds.

Cellulose is soluble in water, while starch is completely insoluble.

Cellulose contains only fructose units, while starch contains only glucose units.

Cellulose is a branched polymer, whereas starch is a linear polymer.

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by understanding the structural composition of cellulose and starch. Both are polysaccharides made up of glucose units, but their glycosidic bond types differ significantly.

Step 2: Cellulose is composed of β(1→4) glycosidic bonds, which link glucose molecules in a linear fashion. These bonds result in a rigid structure that is insoluble in water and provides structural support in plant cell walls.

Step 3: Starch, on the other hand, is primarily composed of α(1→4) glycosidic bonds. These bonds create a structure that is less rigid and more accessible for enzymatic breakdown, making starch a storage polysaccharide in plants.

Step 4: Analyze the options provided in the question. The correct answer should highlight the difference in glycosidic bond types: β(1→4) for cellulose and α(1→4) for starch. Other options, such as solubility, sugar units, or branching, are incorrect based on the biochemical properties of these molecules.

Step 5: Conclude that the primary structural difference between cellulose and starch is the type of glycosidic bond: β(1→4) in cellulose versus α(1→4) in starch. This distinction is crucial for their respective biological roles and physical properties.