Multiple Choice
Which of the following phenotypes would most likely be the result of a Hox gene mutation?
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15. Gene Expression
Mutations
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Which type of mutation will cause translation to stop?
A
Silent mutation
B
Frameshift mutation
C
Missense mutation
D
Nonsense mutation
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of mutations: Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can affect how proteins are made. Different types of mutations can have different effects on protein synthesis.
Learn about nonsense mutations: A nonsense mutation is a type of mutation where a codon that codes for an amino acid is changed to a stop codon. This results in the premature termination of protein synthesis during translation.
Identify the role of stop codons: In the genetic code, there are specific codons that signal the end of translation. These are known as stop codons, and they include UAA, UAG, and UGA.
Compare nonsense mutations with other types: Silent mutations do not change the amino acid sequence, frameshift mutations alter the reading frame, and missense mutations change one amino acid to another. Only nonsense mutations introduce a stop codon.
Conclude why nonsense mutations stop translation: When a nonsense mutation occurs, the ribosome encounters a stop codon prematurely, leading to the termination of protein synthesis, resulting in a truncated and often nonfunctional protein.
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