Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

24. Lipid Metabolism

Total Energy from Fatty Acids

GOB Chemistry

24. Lipid Metabolism

Total Energy from Fatty Acids

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Multiple Choice

Provide total moles of ATP produced by complete β-oxidation of 3.4 g of palmitic acid (256.43 g/mol).

1.4 ATP

31.2 ATP

106 ATP

1.43 ATP

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by calculating the number of moles of palmitic acid. Use the formula: \( ext{moles} = \frac{ ext{mass}}{ ext{molar mass}} \). Here, the mass is 3.4 g and the molar mass is 256.43 g/mol.

Step 2: Understand the process of β-oxidation. Palmitic acid (C16) undergoes β-oxidation, which involves the breakdown of fatty acids into acetyl-CoA units. Each cycle of β-oxidation shortens the fatty acid chain by two carbon atoms, producing one acetyl-CoA.

Step 3: Calculate the number of acetyl-CoA units produced from one molecule of palmitic acid. Since palmitic acid has 16 carbon atoms, it will produce 8 acetyl-CoA units (16/2 = 8).

Step 4: Determine the ATP yield from acetyl-CoA. Each acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, producing approximately 10 ATP per acetyl-CoA. Therefore, calculate the total ATP from the acetyl-CoA units produced.

Step 5: Consider additional ATP produced during β-oxidation itself. Each cycle of β-oxidation also produces NADH and FADH2, which contribute to ATP production. Calculate the total ATP from these cycles and add it to the ATP from acetyl-CoA to find the total ATP produced.