10. Muscles

Which are ways in which muscle names have been derived?

a. Attachments

b. Size

c. Function

d. Location

The chewing muscles that protract the mandible and produce side-to-side grinding movements are the

a. Buccinators

b. Masseters

c. Temporalis

d. Pterygoids

Muscles that depress the hyoid bone and larynx include all but the:

a. Sternohyoid

b. Omohyoid

c. Geniohyoid

d. Sternothyroid

The strongest masticatory muscle is the

(a) Pterygoid

(b) Masseter

(c) Temporalis

(d) Mandible

Intrinsic muscles of the back that promote extension of the spine (or head) include all but:

a. Splenius muscles

b. Semispinalis muscles

c. Scalene muscles

d. Erector spinae

The muscle that rotates the eye medially is the

(a) Superior oblique

(b) Inferior rectus

(c) Medial rectus

(d) Lateral rectus

Several muscles act to move and/or stabilize the scapula. Which of the following are small rectangular muscles that square the shoulders as they act together to retract the scapula?

a. Levator scapulae

b. Rhomboids

c. Serratus anterior

d. Trapezius

Important flexors of the vertebral column that act in opposition to the erector spinae are the

(a) Rectus abdominis

(b) Longus capitis

(c) Longus colli

(d) Scalene

A prime mover of thigh flexion is the:

a. Rectus femoris

b. Iliopsoas

c. Vastus muscles

d. Gluteus maximus

The major extensor of the elbow is the

(a) Triceps brachii

(b) Biceps brachii

(c) Deltoid

(d) Subscapularis

The prime mover of thigh extension against resistance is the:

a. Gluteus maximus

b. Gluteus medius

c. Biceps femoris

d. Semimembranosus

The muscles that rotate the radius without producing either flexion or extension of the elbow are the

(a) Brachialis and brachioradialis

(b) Pronator teres and supinator

(c) Biceps brachii and triceps brachii

(d) a, b, and c.

Which criterion (or criteria) is/are used in naming the gluteus medius?

a. Relative size

b. Muscle location

c. Muscle shape

d. Action

e. Number of origins

The powerful flexor of the hip is the

(a) Piriformis

(b) Obturator

(c) Pectineus

(d) Iliopsoas

Which of the following is a large, deep muscle that protracts the scapula during punching?

a. Serratus anterior

b. Rhomboids

c. Levator scapulae

d. Subscapularis