16. The Endocrine System

What type of hormones bind to receptors located on the cell membrane?

Where do second messengers typically relay signals within a cell?

Which second messenger remains in the membrane after the cleavage of PIP2?

What property prevents the ligands of cell-surface receptors from entering the cell?

In the context of membrane-bound receptors and second messenger systems, hormone therapy that reduces the interaction of hormones with their target cells most directly decreases hormone binding to which structure?

Which of the following does not require the release of a first messenger in signal transduction?