Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

4. Protein Structure

Peptide Bond

Biochemistry

4. Protein Structure

Peptide Bond

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Multiple Choice

Which parts of the amino acids (aa1 and aa2) are involved in the formation of a peptide bond?

The amino group of aa1 and the carboxyl group of aa2

The carboxyl group of aa1 and the amino group of aa2

The side chains (R groups) of both aa1 and aa2

The alpha carbon atoms of both aa1 and aa2

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the structure of an amino acid: Each amino acid has a central alpha carbon atom bonded to four groups: an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydrogen atom, and a unique side chain (R group).

Learn the process of peptide bond formation: A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed between the carboxyl group (-COOH) of one amino acid and the amino group (-NH2) of another amino acid during a condensation reaction, which releases a molecule of water (H2O).

Identify the specific groups involved: In the formation of a peptide bond, the carboxyl group of the first amino acid (aa1) reacts with the amino group of the second amino acid (aa2). The side chains (R groups) and alpha carbon atoms are not directly involved in the bond formation.

Visualize the reaction: The hydroxyl group (-OH) from the carboxyl group of aa1 and a hydrogen atom (H) from the amino group of aa2 are removed to form water (H2O), leaving a covalent bond between the carbon of the carboxyl group and the nitrogen of the amino group.

Recognize the significance: Peptide bonds link amino acids together to form polypeptides and proteins, which are essential for biological functions. Understanding this process is fundamental to studying protein structure and function in biochemistry.