What is the pressure in a region of outer space where there is 1 molecules/m3 and the temperature is 3 K?
20. Heat and Temperature
Moles and Avogadro's Number
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The gauge pressure in a helium gas cylinder is initially 28 atm. After many balloons have been blown up, the gauge pressure has decreased to 5 atm. What fraction of the original gas remains in the cylinder?
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Estimate the number of air molecules in a room of length 6.0 m, width 3.0 m, and height 2.5 m. Assume the temperature is 22°C. How many moles does that correspond to?
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"(II) Estimate the number of moles. Assume water covers 75% of the Earth to an average depth of 3 km."
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(II) Estimate the number of molecules of water in all the Earth’s oceans. Assume water covers 75% of the Earth to an average depth of 3 km.
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(III) A sealed container containing 3.5 mol of gas is squeezed, changing its volume from 0.020 m³ to 0.018 m³. During this process, the temperature decreases by 9.0 K while the pressure increases by 450 Pa. What were the original pressure and temperature of the gas in the container?
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(II) Calculate the density of nitrogen at STP using the ideal gas law.
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Estimate how many molecules of air are in each 2.0-L breath you inhale that were also in the last breath Galileo took. Assume the atmosphere is about 10 km high and of constant density. What other assumptions did you make?
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From the known value of atmospheric pressure at the surface of the Earth, estimate the total number of air molecules in the Earth’s atmosphere.
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The molecular mass of water (H₂O) is 18 u. How many protons are there in 1.0 L of liquid water?
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