21. Kinetic Theory of Ideal Gases

A diver 50 m deep in 10°C fresh water exhales a 1.0-cm-diameter bubble. What is the bubble's diameter just as it reaches the surface of the lake, where the water temperature is 20°C?

A sealed container holds 3.2 g of oxygen at 1 atm pressure and 20°C. The gas first undergoes an isobaric process that doubles the absolute temperature, then an isothermal process that halves the pressure. What is the final volume of the gas in L?

0.0050 mol of gas undergoes the process 1→2→3 shown in FIGURE EX18.37. What is the volume V₃?

0.0050 mol of gas undergoes the process 1→2→3 shown in FIGURE EX18.37. What are pressure p₂?

0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 50 cm³ container at 20°C. The gas then undergoes an isochoric heating to a temperature of 300°C. Show the process on a pV diagram. Include a proper scale on both axes.

0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 50 cm³ container at 20°C. The gas then undergoes an isochoric heating to a temperature of 300°C. What is the final pressure of the gas?

A 24-cm-diameter vertical cylinder is sealed at the top by a frictionless 20 kg piston. The piston is 84 cm above the bottom when the gas temperature is 303°C. The air above the piston is at 1.00 atm pressure. What will the height of the piston be if the temperature is lowered to 15°C?

A gas with initial state variables p₁, V₁, and T₁ expands isothermally until V₂ = 2V₁. What are p₂?

A gas with initial state variables p₁, V₁, and T₁ expands isothermally until V₂ = 2V₁. What are T₁?

A gas with initial state variables p₁, V₁, and T₁ is cooled in an isochoric process until p₂ = (1/3)p₁. What are V₂?

A 20-cm-diameter cylinder that is 40 cm long contains 50 g of oxygen gas at 20°C. What is the reading of a pressure gauge attached to the tank?

A 20-cm-diameter cylinder that is 40 cm long contains 50 g of oxygen gas at 20°C. What is the number density of the oxygen?

A gas at 100°C fills volume V₀. If the pressure is held constant, what is the volume if the Celsius temperature is doubled?

The interior of a Boeing 737-800 can be modeled as a 32-m-long, 3.7-m-diameter cylinder. The air inside, at cruising altitude, is 20°C at a pressure of 82 kPa. What volume of outside air, at −40°C and a pressure of 23 kPa, must be drawn in, heated, and compressed to fill the plane?

The 50 kg circular piston shown in FIGURE P18.57 floats on 0.12 mol of compressed air. What is the piston height h if the temperature is 30°C?