8. Joints

Freely movable joints are:

a. synarthroses

b. diarthroses

c. amphiarthroses.

The structures that limit the range of motion of a joint and provide mechanical support across or around the joint are

(a) Bursae

(b) Tendons

(c) Menisci

(d) All of these

Joint movements may be nonaxial, uniaxial, biaxial, or multiaxial. Define what each of these terms means.

Name two types of uniaxial, biaxial, and multiaxial joints.

Abduction and adduction always refer to movements of the

(a) Axial skeleton

(b) Appendicular skeleton

(c) Skull

(d) Vertebral column

Rotation of the forearm that makes the palm face posteriorly is

(a) Supination

(b) Pronation

(c) Proliferation

(d) Projection

Compare the structure, function, and common body locations of bursae and tendon sheaths.

A saddle joint permits _____ movement but prevents____movement.

(a) rotational; gliding

(b) angular; gliding

(c) gliding; rotational

(d) angular; rotational

Compare and contrast the paired movements of flexion and extension with adduction and abduction.

Standing on tiptoe is an example of___at the ankle.

(a) elevation

(b) flexion

(c) extension

(d) retraction

How does rotation differ from circumduction?

Examples of monaxial joints, which permit angular movement in a single plane, are

(a) The intercarpal and intertarsal joints

(b) The shoulder and hip joints

(c) The elbow and knee joints

(d) All of these

What is the specific role of the menisci of the knee? Of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments?

Decreasing the angle between bones is termed

(a) Flexion

(b) Extension

(c) Abduction

(d) Adduction

(e) Hyperextension