17. The Blood

The hormonal stimulus that prompts red blood cell formation is:

a. Serotonin

b. Heparin

c. Erythropoietin

d. Thrombopoietin

The formed elements of the blood include:

(a) Plasma, fibrin, and serum

(b) Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen

(c) WBCs, RBCs, and platelets

(d) All of these

All of the following are true of RBCs except:

a. Biconcave disc shape

b. Life span of approximately 120 days

c. Contain hemoglobin

d. Contain nuclei

Blood temperature is approximately ___, and blood pH averages ___.

(a) 36 °C, 7.0

(b) 39 °C, 7.8

(c) 38 °C, 7.4

(d) 37 °C, 7.0

Plasma contributes approximately _____ percent of the volume of whole blood, and water accounts for _____ percent of the plasma volume.

(a) 55, 92

(b) 25, 55

(c) 92, 55

(d) 35, 72

Blood proteins play an important part in:

a. Blood clotting

b. Immunity

c. Maintenance of blood volume

d. All of the above

Serum is:

(a) The same as blood plasma

(b) Plasma minus the formed elements

(c) Plasma minus the proteins

(d) Plasma minus fibrinogen

(e) Plasma minus the electrolytes

A hemoglobin molecule is composed of:

(a) Two protein chains

(b) Three protein chains

(c) Four protein chains and nothing else

(d) Four protein chains and four heme groups

(e) Four heme groups but no protein

The normal pH of the blood is about:

a. 8.4

b. 7.8

c. 7.4

d. 4.7

What five major functions are performed by blood?

List the three major categories of formed elements

Which is least numerous?

Which comprise(s) the buffy coat in a hematocrit tube?

More than one choice may apply. Plasma without the clotting proteins is called

a. Serum

b. Whole blood

c. Fibrin

d. Tissue factor

Name the three major types of plasma proteins and identify their functions.

Albumin

a. is a blood buffer.

b. helps maintain blood's osmotic pressure.

c. distributes body heat.

d. transports certain molecules.

If you had a high hematocrit, would you expect your hemoglobin determination to be low or high? Why?