13. The Peripheral Nervous System

Which of the following structures can be found in the afferent division of the PNS?

Match each type of neuroglial cell with its correct function.

____ Schwann cells    

____ Ependymal cells     

____ Microglial cells    

____ Oligodendrocytes     

____ Satellite cells    

____ Astrocytes

a. Phagocytic cells of the CNS

b. Surround the cell bodies of neurons in the PNS

c. Create the myelin sheath in the PNS

d. Anchor neurons and blood vessels, maintain extracellular environment around neurons, assist in repair of damaged brain tissue

e. Create the myelin sheath in the CNS

f. Ciliated cells in the CNS that produce and circulate the fluid around the brain and spinal cord

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. The term nerve is the equivalent of the term neuron.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

e. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

The anterior roots of each spinal segment

(a) Bring sensory information into the spinal cord

(b) Control peripheral effectors

(c) Contain the axons of somatic motor and visceral motor neurons

(d) Do both b and c

Spinal nerves are called mixed nerves because they

(a) Contain sensory and motor fibers

(b) Exit at intervertebral foramina

(c) Are associated with a pair of spinal ganglia

(d) Are associated with posterior and anterior roots

Match the names of the cranial nerves in column B to the appropriate description in column A.

Column A 

_______    (1) Causes pupillary constriction 

_______    (2) The major sensory nerve of the face

_______    (3) Serves the sternocleido-mastoid and trapezius muscles 

_______    (4) Purely sensory (two nerves) 

_______    (5) Serves the tongue muscles 

_______    (6) Allows you to chew your food 

_______    (7) Impaired in Bell's palsy

_______    (8) Helps regulate heart activity

_______    (9) Helps you hear and maintain your balance 

_______    (10) Contain parasympathetic motor fibers (four nerves)

Column B

a. Abducens

b. Accessory

c. Facial

d. Glossopharyngeal

e. Hypoglossal

f. Oculomotor

g. Olfactory

h. Optic

i. Trigeminal

j. Trochlear

k. Vagus

l. Vestibulocochlear

The connective tissue sheath that surrounds a fascicle of nerve fibers is the

a. Epineurium

b. Endoneurium

c. Perineurium

d. Epimysium

A sensory region monitored by the posterior rami of a single spinal segment is

(a) A ganglion

(b) A fascicle

(c) A dermatome

(d) A ramus

Which contains only motor fibers?

The major nerve of the cervical plexus that innervates the diaphragm is the

(a) Median nerve

(b) Axillary nerve

(c) Phrenic nerve

(d) Common fibular nerve

Cranial nerves that have some function in vision include the:

a. Trochlear

b. Trigeminal

c. Abducens

d. Facial.

The genitofemoral, femoral, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves are major nerves of the

(a) Lumbar plexus

(b) Sacral plexus

(c) Brachial plexus

(d) Cervical plexus

Motor functions of the extensor muscles of the arm, forearm, and fingers would be affected by damage to which one of these nerves?

a. Radial

b. Axillary

c. Ulnar

d. Median