21. Kinetic Theory of Ideal Gases

Five grams of nitrogen gas at an initial pressure of 3.0 atm and at 20°C undergo an isobaric expansion until the volume has tripled. What is the gas volume after the expansion?

A container of gas at 2.0 atm pressure and 127°C is compressed at constant temperature until the volume is halved. It is then further compressed at constant pressure until the volume is halved again. Show this process on a pV diagram.

10 g of dry ice (solid CO₂) is placed in a 10,000 cm³ container, then all the air is quickly pumped out and the container sealed. The container is warmed to 0°C, a temperature at which CO₂ is a gas. What is the gas pressure? Give your answer in atm. The gas then undergoes an isothermal compression until the pressure is 3.0 atm, immediately followed by an isobaric compression until the volume is 1000 cm³.

A gas with an initial temperature of 900°C undergoes the process shown in FIGURE EX18.35. How many moles of gas are there?

A gas with an initial temperature of 900°C undergoes the process shown in FIGURE EX18.35. What type of process is this?

A diver 50 m deep in 10°C fresh water exhales a 1.0-cm-diameter bubble. What is the bubble's diameter just as it reaches the surface of the lake, where the water temperature is 20°C?

A sealed container holds 3.2 g of oxygen at 1 atm pressure and 20°C. The gas first undergoes an isobaric process that doubles the absolute temperature, then an isothermal process that halves the pressure. What is the final volume of the gas in L?

0.0050 mol of gas undergoes the process 1→2→3 shown in FIGURE EX18.37. What is the volume V₃?

0.0050 mol of gas undergoes the process 1→2→3 shown in FIGURE EX18.37. What are pressure p₂?

0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 50 cm³ container at 20°C. The gas then undergoes an isochoric heating to a temperature of 300°C. Show the process on a pV diagram. Include a proper scale on both axes.

0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 50 cm³ container at 20°C. The gas then undergoes an isochoric heating to a temperature of 300°C. What is the final pressure of the gas?

A 24-cm-diameter vertical cylinder is sealed at the top by a frictionless 20 kg piston. The piston is 84 cm above the bottom when the gas temperature is 303°C. The air above the piston is at 1.00 atm pressure. What will the height of the piston be if the temperature is lowered to 15°C?

A gas with initial state variables p₁, V₁, and T₁ expands isothermally until V₂ = 2V₁. What are p₂?

A gas with initial state variables p₁, V₁, and T₁ expands isothermally until V₂ = 2V₁. What are T₁?

A gas with initial state variables p₁, V₁, and T₁ is cooled in an isochoric process until p₂ = (1/3)p₁. What are V₂?