Textbook Question
Identify the most acidic proton in each pair. Tell which structural features you analyzed and why you weighted them as you did in picking one answer. [Always start by drawing the conjugate base.]
(d)
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Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471
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Table of contents
- Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons114
- Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis109
- Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow144
- Ch. 5 - Chemical Reaction Analysis: Thermodynamics and Kinetics118
- Ch. 6 - Stereoisomerism: Arrangement of Atoms in Space112
- Ch. 7 - Principles of Green (Organic) Chemistry3
- Ch. 8 - Alkenes I: Properties and Electrophilic Additions158
- Ch. 9 - Alkenes II: Oxidation and Reduction150
- Ch. 10 - Alkynes: Electrophilic Addition and Redox Reactions101
- Ch. 11 - Properties and Synthesis of Alkyl Halides: Radical Reactions108
- Ch. 12 - Substitution and Elimination: Reactions of Haloalkanes172
- Ch. 13 - Alcohols, Ethers and Related Compounds: Substitution and Elimination239
- Ch. 14 - Structural Identification I: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry54
- Ch. 15 - Structural Identification II: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy93
- Ch. 16 - Metals in Organic Chemistry48
- Ch. 17 - Carbonyl Addition Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch. 18 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution I: Carboxylic Acids18
- Ch. 19 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution II: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives39
- Ch. 20 - Enolates: Carbonyl Addition and Substitution13
- Ch. 21 - Conjugated Systems I: Stability and Addition Reactions56
- Ch. 22 - Conjugated Systems II: Pericyclic Reactions54
- Ch. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions64
- Ch. 24 - Benzene II: Reactions Influenced by the Aromatic Ring62
- Ch. 25 - Amines: Structure, Reactions, and Synthesis27
- Ch. 26 - Amino Acids, Proteins, and Peptide Synthesis9
- Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids54
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 3, Problem 52a
Identify the most acidic proton in each pair. Tell which structural features you analyzed and why you weighted them as you did in picking one answer. [Always start by drawing the conjugate base.]
(a) 
Verified step by step guidance1
Draw the conjugate base for each molecule in the pair by removing one proton (H⁺) from each possible acidic site. This will help you visualize the stability of the resulting conjugate bases.
Analyze the stability of the conjugate bases using resonance effects. Check if the negative charge on the conjugate base can be delocalized through resonance, as this increases stability.
Consider the inductive effects. Look for electronegative atoms or groups near the acidic proton that can stabilize the negative charge on the conjugate base through electron withdrawal.
Evaluate the hybridization of the atom bearing the negative charge in the conjugate base. A negative charge on an sp-hybridized atom is more stable than on an sp² or sp³ atom due to increased s-character.
Compare the conjugate bases and determine which one is more stable. The proton that leads to the more stable conjugate base is the most acidic proton in the pair.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Acidity and pKa
Acidity in organic chemistry refers to the tendency of a compound to donate a proton (H+). The strength of an acid is often measured by its pKa value; lower pKa values indicate stronger acids. Understanding the relationship between acidity and pKa is crucial for identifying the most acidic proton in a given structure.
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Identifying pKa values
Conjugate Base Stability
The stability of the conjugate base formed after deprotonation is a key factor in determining acidity. A more stable conjugate base corresponds to a stronger acid. Factors influencing stability include resonance, electronegativity of atoms, and inductive effects, which can help predict which proton is more acidic.
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Structural Features Influencing Acidity
Various structural features can affect the acidity of protons in organic molecules. For instance, the presence of electronegative atoms nearby can stabilize the negative charge on the conjugate base through inductive effects. Additionally, resonance can delocalize the negative charge, further stabilizing the conjugate base and making the corresponding proton more acidic.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify the most stable conjugate base in each pair. Tell which structural features you analyzed and why you weighted them as you did in picking one answer.
(f)
925
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Textbook Question
Identify the most stable conjugate base in each pair. Tell which structural features you analyzed and why you weighted them as you did in picking one answer.
(e)
1625
views
Textbook Question
Identify the most acidic proton in each pair. Tell which structural features you analyzed and why you weighted them as you did in picking one answer. [Always start by drawing the conjugate base.]
(b)
828
views
Textbook Question
Identify the most acidic proton in each pair. Tell which structural features you analyzed and why you weighted them as you did in picking one answer. [Always start by drawing the conjugate base.]
(h)
1630
views
Textbook Question
Identify the most stable conjugate base in each pair. Tell which structural features you analyzed and why you weighted them as you did in picking one answer.
(c)
1160
views