Textbook Question
What is the conjugate base of each of the following acids? [The most acidic proton is indicated.]
(c)
1242
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Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471
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Table of contents
- Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons114
- Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis109
- Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow144
- Ch. 5 - Chemical Reaction Analysis: Thermodynamics and Kinetics118
- Ch. 6 - Stereoisomerism: Arrangement of Atoms in Space112
- Ch. 7 - Principles of Green (Organic) Chemistry3
- Ch. 8 - Alkenes I: Properties and Electrophilic Additions158
- Ch. 9 - Alkenes II: Oxidation and Reduction150
- Ch. 10 - Alkynes: Electrophilic Addition and Redox Reactions101
- Ch. 11 - Properties and Synthesis of Alkyl Halides: Radical Reactions108
- Ch. 12 - Substitution and Elimination: Reactions of Haloalkanes172
- Ch. 13 - Alcohols, Ethers and Related Compounds: Substitution and Elimination239
- Ch. 14 - Structural Identification I: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry54
- Ch. 15 - Structural Identification II: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy93
- Ch. 16 - Metals in Organic Chemistry48
- Ch. 17 - Carbonyl Addition Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch. 18 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution I: Carboxylic Acids18
- Ch. 19 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution II: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives39
- Ch. 20 - Enolates: Carbonyl Addition and Substitution13
- Ch. 21 - Conjugated Systems I: Stability and Addition Reactions56
- Ch. 22 - Conjugated Systems II: Pericyclic Reactions54
- Ch. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions64
- Ch. 24 - Benzene II: Reactions Influenced by the Aromatic Ring62
- Ch. 25 - Amines: Structure, Reactions, and Synthesis27
- Ch. 26 - Amino Acids, Proteins, and Peptide Synthesis9
- Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids54
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 3, Problem 10d
What is the conjugate acid of each of the following bases? [The most basic atom is indicated.]
(d) 
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the base provided in the problem. A base is a species that can accept a proton (H⁺). The most basic atom in the molecule is the one most likely to accept the proton.
Recall the definition of a conjugate acid: When a base accepts a proton (H⁺), it forms its conjugate acid. This involves adding an H⁺ to the most basic atom in the base.
Determine the structure of the conjugate acid by adding an H⁺ to the most basic atom. This may involve adjusting the formal charge of the atom that accepts the proton. For example, if the atom is neutral before accepting the proton, it will become positively charged after.
Write the chemical formula or structure of the conjugate acid, ensuring that the added H⁺ is correctly placed and the formal charges are updated.
Double-check the result to ensure that the conjugate acid is correctly derived from the base and that the most basic atom has been protonated.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Conjugate Acid-Base Theory
In acid-base chemistry, a conjugate acid is formed when a base accepts a proton (H+). This concept is central to understanding the relationship between acids and bases, where every base has a corresponding conjugate acid. For example, when ammonia (NH3) acts as a base and accepts a proton, it becomes ammonium (NH4+), its conjugate acid.
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Equilibrium constant and conjugates.
Basicity and pKa
Basicity refers to the ability of a substance to accept protons, and it is often quantified by the pKa value of its conjugate acid. A lower pKa indicates a stronger acid, which corresponds to a weaker base. Understanding the pKa values helps predict the strength of bases and their corresponding conjugate acids, aiding in identifying the correct conjugate acid for a given base.
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Proton Transfer Reactions
Proton transfer reactions are fundamental in acid-base chemistry, where the transfer of a proton from an acid to a base occurs. This process is essential for determining the conjugate acid of a base. Recognizing the most basic atom in a molecule helps identify where the proton transfer will occur, leading to the formation of the conjugate acid.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify the acid from which the following conjugate bases were formed. [The most basic atom is indicated.]
(c)
1135
views
Textbook Question
What is the conjugate base of each of the following acids? [The most acidic proton is indicated.]
(d)
1157
views
Textbook Question
Identify the acid from which the following conjugate bases were formed. [The most basic atom is indicated.]
(d)
1155
views
Textbook Question
What is the conjugate acid of each of the following bases? [The most basic atom is indicated.]
(a)
1237
views
Textbook Question
Identify the base from which the following conjugate acids were formed. [The most acidic proton is indicated.]
(c)
1158
views